Canadian employment defied the bears by jumping 75,100 in July, nearly evenly split between full-time and part-time work. Self-employment (+44.4k) accounted for close to half of the overall increase, while private sector jobs still rose by 57.9k. These were offset by a 27k drop in public sector jobs (a rarity, echoing the big drop seen stateside in July). Decisively, total hours worked rose 0.6% m/m in July.

Employment increased by 181,100 between May and July, marking the biggest three-month employment gain since before US President Donald Trump began imposing tariffs on Canadian goods last year.

The employment rate increased by 0.1 percentage points to 60.9% in July. The rate was up 0.2 percentage points compared with 12 months earlier.

A higher proportion of people searching for work have been finding jobs compared with last year, with the job-finding rate coming in at 20.8%. This was up from 18.5% for the same period a year earlier but below the pre-COVID-19 pandemic average of 26.6% recorded for the same period from 2017 to 2019 (not seasonally adjusted). Canada’s population barely grew in the past year given the tightening in immigration policy, making it easier for the jobless to find work.

Wholesale and retail trade (+21,000; +0.7%) recorded the largest employment increase across industries in July. Despite the monthly increase, employment in this industry was down by 50,000 (-1.7%) compared with 12 months earlier, largely reflecting a downward trend observed from January to May 2026.

Chart 5
Employment change by industry, July 2026

Provinces had varied results, with employment increasing the most in Ontario (52,000 jobs), in British Columbia (18,000 jobs), Manitoba (5,900 jobs) and Nova Scotia (4,600 jobs). Alberta and Quebec saw little change, although Alberta has seen notable job growth and decline in unemployment since July 2025.

Among the three largest census metropolitan areas, the unemployment rate rose by 0.7 percentage points to 6.6% in Montréal, offsetting a similar-sized decline in the previous month. In Vancouver, the unemployment rate fell 0.6 percentage points to 6.0% in July. The unemployment rate was little changed in Toronto at 6.7%; however, it was down from a recent high of 9.0% observed in July 2025.

In direct contrast to the Canadian jobs report, the US nonfarm payroll report was much weaker than expected. US employers unexpectedly cut jobs in July and hiring in the prior two months was revised lower, suggesting the labour market is weaker than previously thought after surprising strength earlier this year.

Nonfarm payrolls decreased 23,000 last month following a combined 103,000 downward revision to the May and June figures, Bureau of Labour Statistics data showed Friday. The unemployment rate fell to 4.1% as labour force participation continued to slide, and wage growth slowed.

According to Bloomberg news, the US labour market may be starting to falter amid rising prices and uncertainty from the Iran war, despite recent data showing strength in consumer spending and business investment. The data could also prompt the Federal Reserve to delay interest-rate increases as officials measure inflation against risks to employment.

Bottom Line

Employment increased by 181,100 between May and July in Canada, marking the biggest three-month employment gain since before US President Donald Trump began imposing tariffs on Canadian goods. These blockbuster Canadian jobs reports, accompanied by inflation risk stemming from high tariffs and the war in Iran blocking the Strait of Hormuz, are troubling for both stocks and bonds.

While the economy continues to show signs of stabilization, trade uncertainty still looms. US President Donald Trump has threatened to impose a new round of 50% tariffs on a number of Canadian goods starting Aug. 19.

Canadian officials met with US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer on Thursday as the two sides try to find a deal before Trump’s deadline.

With wage growth decelerating further and energy prices more moderate, the Bank of Canada won’t take on a more hawkish tone yet, though a strengthening economic backdrop could eventually push it in that direction if it persists.